{"id":6129,"date":"2025-09-01T12:24:45","date_gmt":"2025-09-01T04:24:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=6129"},"modified":"2025-09-01T12:24:47","modified_gmt":"2025-09-01T04:24:47","slug":"%e8%9e%8d%e5%90%88%e5%85%89%e5%ad%a6%e5%92%8c%e4%ba%ba%e5%b7%a5%e6%99%ba%e8%83%bd%e7%9a%84%e5%88%9b%e6%96%b0%ef%bc%9a%e5%85%89%e5%ad%a6%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%ef%bc%88op","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=6129","title":{"rendered":"\u878d\u5408\u5149\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u521b\u65b0\uff1a\u201c\u5149\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff08Optical Generative Model, OGM\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u52a8\u673a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff08Generative AI\uff09\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u5408\u6210\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u663e\u8457\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982GAN\u3001VAE\u3001Diffusion Model \u548c LLM \u7b49\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u80fd\u8017\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u6025\u5267\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5176\u5728\u8fb9\u7f18\u8ba1\u7b97\u6216\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e9f\u9700\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u79cd\u517c\u5177\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u80fd\u6548\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u6a21\u578b\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-025-09446-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Optical generative models<\/a><\/strong>\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u9896\u7684\u201c\u5149\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff08Optical Generative Model, OGM\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u5149\u5b66\u786c\u4ef6\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u7531\u7a7a\u95f4\u5149\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u6784\u7684\u884d\u5c04\u7ed3\u6784\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u6570\u503c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u9700\u80fd\u8017\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u6d45\u5c42\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5c06\u968f\u673a\u9ad8\u65af\u566a\u58f0\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f4d\u56fe\u6848\uff0c\u518d\u5229\u7528\u5149\u5b66\u884d\u5c04\u7f51\u7edc\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u4fdd\u7559\u751f\u6210\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3aShiqi Chen, Yuhang Li, Yuntian Wang, Hanlong Chen &amp; Aydogan Ozcan\uff0c\u6765\u81eaUniversity of California Los Angeles\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"746\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image.png 850w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-300x263.png 300w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/image-768x674.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Design of a snapshot optical generative model<br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-025-09446-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Optical generative models<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u603b\u4f53\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>OGM \u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u6784\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6570\u5b57\u76f8\u4f4d\u7f16\u7801\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d45\u5c42\u6570\u5b57\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4e09\u5c42\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u5c06\u968f\u673a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u9ad8\u65af\u566a\u58f0\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u76f8\u4f4d\u56fe\u6848\uff08optical generative seed\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u81f3\u7a7a\u95f4\u5149\u8c03\u5236\u5668\uff08SLM\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u7531\u7a7a\u95f4\u884d\u5c04\u89e3\u7801\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u5149\u5b66\u884d\u5c04\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5149\u5b66\u79cd\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u7531\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f20\u64ad\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u7531\u56fe\u50cf\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u91c7\u96c6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u521b\u65b0\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u5728\u5149\u5b66\u57df\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u90e8\u5206\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684\u76f8\u4f4d\u79cd\u5b50\u7f16\u7801\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ec5\u7531SLM\u5e27\u7387\u9650\u5236\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u5feb\u7167\u5f0f\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f0f\u751f\u6210\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6a21\u578b\u652f\u6301\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u66f4\u6539\u7269\u7406\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u66ff\u6362\u79cd\u5b50\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5373\u53ef\u5207\u6362\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u5feb\u7167\u5f0f\u5149\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\uff08Snapshot OGM\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5149\u5b66\u4f20\u64ad\u5b8c\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u5408\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u968f\u673a\u566a\u58f0\u8f93\u5165\u7531\u6d45\u5c42\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u5668H(I)\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u76f8\u4f4d\u56fe\u03d5(x,y)\uff0c\u6295\u5c04\u5230SLM\u4e0a\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76f8\u5e72\u6fc0\u5149\u7167\u5c04SLM\uff0c\u643a\u5e26\u76f8\u4f4d\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5149\u573a\u901a\u8fc7\u884d\u5c04\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u64ad\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5c06\u5149\u573a\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u91c7\u96c6\u56fe\u50cf\u5f3a\u5ea6O(x,y)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9996\u5148\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u53bb\u566a\u6269\u6563\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\uff08DDPM\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6559\u5e08\u7f51\u7edc\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5229\u7528DDPM\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6307\u5bfc\u5149\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u50cf\u7d20\u5747\u65b9\u8bef\u5dee\uff08MSE\uff09\u548cKL\u6563\u5ea6\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e0e\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u8054\u5408\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u56fa\u5b9a\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bc4\u4f30\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 MNIST \u4e0e Fashion-MNIST \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u7684 Inception Score\uff08IS\uff09\u548c Fr\u00e9chet Inception Distance\uff08FID\uff09\u8868\u73b0\u826f\u597d\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u5b9e\u9a8c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528100%\u5149\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728MNIST\u4e0a\u80fd\u8fbe\u523099.18%\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6301\u5e73\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u591a\u5c42\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08\u59825\u5c42\uff09\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u56fe\u50cf\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0e\u5149\u529f\u7387\u884d\u5c04\u6548\u7387\uff08\u53ef\u8fbe50%\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f0f\u5149\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\uff08Iterative OGM\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u5feb\u7167\u5f0f\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f0fOGM\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6269\u6563\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u521d\u59cb\u4e3a\u968f\u673a\u566a\u58f0\u56fe\u50cfI_T\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u8f93\u51fa\u52a0\u5165\u9ad8\u65af\u566a\u58f0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u7ecf\u7531\u5149\u5b66\u4f20\u64ad\u8f93\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u56fe\u50cfI_t-1\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7T\u8f6e\u8fed\u4ee3\u9010\u6b65\u5c06\u566a\u58f0\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u5e03I_0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u540c\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6ce2\u957f\uff08\u4e09\u901a\u9053RGB\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5f69\u8272\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e3a\u6d45\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u53bb\u9664\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7SLM\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u4f4d\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u8d28\u91cf\u66f4\u9ad8\u3001\u80cc\u666f\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u201c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5d29\u6e83\u201d\uff08mode collapse\uff09\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e94\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5b9e\u7269\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8e\u53ef\u89c1\u5149\u6ce2\u6bb5\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u786c\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6fc0\u5149\u5149\u6e90\uff08520nm\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e24\u4e2aSLM\u5206\u522b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f16\u7801\u79cd\u5b50\u6295\u5f71\u548c\u56fa\u5b9a\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u56fe\u50cf\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u91c7\u96c6\u6700\u7ec8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6210\u529f\u751f\u6210 MNIST \u4e0e Fashion-MNIST \u56fe\u50cf\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5206\u522b\u83b7\u5f97\u5b9e\u9a8cFID\u503c\u4e3a 131.08 \u548c 180.57\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63a2\u7d22\u4e86\u8f93\u5165\u76f8\u4f4d\u7f16\u7801\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4f4d\u6df1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece8-bit\u964d\u4e3a4-bit\uff09\u5bf9\u56fe\u50cf\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u591a\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u63d0\u5347SLM\u76f8\u4f4d\u7f16\u7801\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4f4d\u6df1\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u516d\u3001\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u98ce\u683c\u751f\u6210<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c55\u793aOGM\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4f7f\u7528 Van Gogh \u98ce\u683c\u753b\u4f5c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8bad\u7ec3\u4f7f\u7528Stable Diffusion\u6a21\u578b\u5fae\u8c03vangogh2photo\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6559\u5e08\u6a21\u578b\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u63d0\u5347\u81f35.8\u4ebf\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u63d0\u5347\u81f31000\u00d71000\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u65e2\u4e0e\u6559\u5e08\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u98ce\u683c\u8fe5\u5f02\u7684\u65b0\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5f69\u8272\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u4f7f\u7528 {450, 520, 638}nm 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