{"id":5916,"date":"2025-05-11T12:43:38","date_gmt":"2025-05-11T04:43:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=5916"},"modified":"2025-12-10T14:08:35","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T06:08:35","slug":"ai%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e8%b7%af%e7%ba%bf%e4%b9%8b%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%9a%e7%94%a8%e8%83%bd%e9%87%8f%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%ef%bc%88ebm%ef%bc%89%e5%8f%96%e4%bb%a3%e6%a6%82%e7%8e%87%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%ef%bc%88probab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=5916","title":{"rendered":"AI\u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u7528\u80fd\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\uff08EBM\uff09\u53d6\u4ee3\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\uff08Probabilistic\uff09\uff1f\ud83e\udd14&#8212;\u4f46\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u5f80\u5f80\u80dc\u51fa\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u8fd1\u671f\uff0c\u6768\u7acb\u6606(Yann LeCun)\u6559\u6388\u53d1\u8868\u6f14\u8bb2<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1j3A8SYtkJqui7CotCMuvES2LpR17JYrQ\/view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shaping the Future of Artificial Intelligence<\/a><\/strong>\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u9610\u8ff0\u5176\u6280\u672f\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u89c2\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a<strong>\u7528\u80fd\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\uff08EBM\uff09\u53d6\u4ee3\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\uff08Probabilistic\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-1-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5917\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-1-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-1-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-1-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-1.png 1201w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Credit: Yann LeCun, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1j3A8SYtkJqui7CotCMuvES2LpR17JYrQ\/view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shaping the Future of Artificial Intelligence<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u80fd\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\uff08Energy-Based Models\uff0cEBMs\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u800c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5efa\u6a21\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u5efa\u6a21\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u80fd\u91cf\u51fd\u6570\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\u7684\u597d\u574f<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u56de\u5f52\u3001\u751f\u6210\u3001\u89c4\u5212\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>EBM \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u91cf\u51fd\u6570 F(x,y)\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8f93\u5165 x \u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa y \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u7a0b\u5ea6\u201d\uff08energy\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u597d\u7684\u914d\u5bf9\uff08\u5339\u914d\u6570\u636e\uff09\u5177\u6709<strong>\u4f4e\u80fd\u91cf<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u914d\u5bf9\uff08\u9519\u8bef\u7ed3\u679c\uff09\u5177\u6709<strong>\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#cf2e2e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6570\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u5f80\u5f80\u80dc\u51fa\u3002<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7591\u95ee\u629b\u7ed9ChatGPT\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\u56de\u7b54\uff08\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u53c2\u8003\u4ef7\u503c\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u548c\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c<strong>\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u770b\u5230\u5982\u80fd\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\uff08EBM\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u53d8\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u975e\u6982\u7387\u8303\u5f0f\u6b63\u5728\u5d1b\u8d77\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6f14\u5316\u80cc\u540e\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u957f\u671f\u201c\u80dc\u51fa\u201d<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8868\u8fbe\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u9700\u6c42<\/strong><br>\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff08\u5982\u566a\u58f0\u3001\u7f3a\u5931\u3001\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u89c2\u5bdf\u7b49\uff09\u3002<br>\u4ece\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u9999\u519c\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\uff0c\u5230\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684 dropout\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u90fd\u662f\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u6210\u719f<\/strong><br>\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u62e5\u6709\u4e25\u5bc6\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u6d4b\u5ea6\u8bba\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u6536\u655b\u6027\u4e0e\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u65e9\u671f\u6280\u672f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u7edf\u8ba1\u5efa\u6a21<\/strong><br>\u5728\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7a00\u7f3a\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0820 \u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u81f3 2000 \u5e74\u524d\u540e\uff09\uff0c\u6982\u7387\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4ece\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7ed3\u6784\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u81ea\u7136\u7ed3\u5408<\/strong><br>MAP\uff08\u6700\u5927\u540e\u9a8c\uff09\u3001MLE\uff08\u6781\u5927\u4f3c\u7136\uff09\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u6570\u503c\u4f18\u5316\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u6982\u7387\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u201c\u80dc\u51fa\u201d\u5e76\u975e\u7edd\u5bf9<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u5176<strong>\u663e\u8457\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5efa\u6a21\u5047\u8bbe\u8fc7\u5f3a<\/strong><br>\u9ad8\u7ef4\u590d\u6742\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\uff08\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u8f68\u8ff9\u3001\u6587\u672c\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u663e\u5f0f\u5efa\u6a21 P(x,y) \u6216 P(y\u2223x)\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u5207\u5b9e\u9645\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u63a8\u65ad\u5f00\u9500\u9ad8\u6602<\/strong><br>\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5174\u8d77\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u663e\u5f0f\u6982\u7387\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u53d8\u5206\u63a8\u65ad\u3001MCMC\uff09\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee3\u4ef7\u9ad8\u3001\u6536\u655b\u6162\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u5efa\u6a21\u74f6\u9888<\/strong><br>\u50cf GAN\u3001VAE 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u6211\uff08ChatGPT\uff09\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1a\u6982\u7387\u662f\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u771f\u7406<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6210\u529f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u9002\u9002\u7528\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c7b\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul 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