{"id":5421,"date":"2024-12-28T09:45:49","date_gmt":"2024-12-28T01:45:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=5421"},"modified":"2025-02-23T11:08:36","modified_gmt":"2025-02-23T03:08:36","slug":"%e8%be%83%e5%a4%a7%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e6%9b%b4%e5%ae%b9%e6%98%93%e5%8f%97%e5%88%b0%e4%b8%8a%e4%b8%8b%e6%96%87%e5%99%aa%e5%a3%b0%e7%9a%84%e5%b9%b2%e6%89%b0%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=5421","title":{"rendered":"\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u5e72\u6270\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08Large Language Models, LLM\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u79cd\u5173\u952e\u80fd\u529b\uff1a<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=5522\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5b66\u4e60\uff08In-context Learning, ICL\uff09<\/a><\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5c11\u91cf\u4efb\u52a1\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u8c03\u6574\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\uff0cLLM\u4fbf\u80fd\u5728\u5168\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u8f83\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u66f4\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u800c\u8f83\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5065\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u300a<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2405.19592\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Why Larger Language Models Do In-context Learning Differently?<\/a><\/strong>\u300b\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5728\u673a\u5236\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8f83\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6355\u83b7\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u566a\u58f0\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u800c\u8f83\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u9690\u85cf\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u566a\u58f0\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u566a\u58f0\u5e72\u6270\u4e0b\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u4f73\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u548c\u7a00\u758f\u5947\u5076\u5206\u7c7b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u51faLLM\u5728\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3LLM\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5236\u53ca\u5176\u4f18\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u89c6\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3aZhenmei Shi, Junyi Wei, Zhuoyan Xu, Yingyu Liang\uff0c\u6765\u81eaUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>LLM\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eTransformer\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86Transformer\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u8fd1\u4f3c\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5b66\u4e60\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u7ed3\u5408\u73b0\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u89d2\u5ea6\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u5e72\u6270\uff1f<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u5728\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u566a\u58f0\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff1f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u5b66\u4e60\u573a\u666f\uff1a<strong>\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u7a00\u758f\u5947\u5076\u5206\u7c7b<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5206\u522b\u63a2\u8ba8\u7ebf\u6027\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001<strong>\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u573a\u666f\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3a\u591a\u7ef4\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u6807\u7b7e\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u4efb\u52a1\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u5185\u79ef\u751f\u6210\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u5c42\u5355\u5934\u7ebf\u6027\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Linear Self-Attention, LSA\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u5747\u65b9\u8bef\u5dee\uff08MSE\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u79e9\uff08rank\uff09\u6765\u5ea6\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u6700\u4f18\u89e3<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u5bfc\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86LSA\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u79e9\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0b\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8f83\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u4f4e\u79e9\u89e3\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ec5\u6355\u83b7\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u5373\u7279\u5f81\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u524dr\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8f83\u5927\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u9ad8\u79e9\u89e3\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6b21\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u566a\u58f0\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6700\u4f18\u4f4e\u79e9\u89e3\u5728\u9884\u6d4b\u65f6\u4ec5\u5229\u7528\u524dr\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u5ffd\u7565\u566a\u58f0\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u8f83\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u566a\u58f0\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5065\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u884c\u4e3a\u5dee\u5f02\u5206\u6790<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8bc4\u4ef7\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u6807\u7b7e\u566a\u58f0\u548c\u8f93\u5165\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u635f\u5931\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7ed3\u8bba\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8f83\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u4ec5\u5173\u6ce8\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u8f83\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u8fc7\u6ee4\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8f83\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u52a3\u52bf<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u6b21\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u566a\u58f0\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8f83\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u566a\u58f0\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bc4\u4ef7\u635f\u5931\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u5206\u6790<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4efb\u52a1\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u65f6\uff0c\u8f83\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u6355\u83b7\u6709\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u800c\u8f83\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u566a\u58f0\u3002\u6570\u5b66\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8f83\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u635f\u5931\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0e\u566a\u58f0\u654f\u611f\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001<strong>\u7a00\u758f\u5947\u5076\u5206\u7c7b\u573a\u666f\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7a00\u758f\u5947\u5076\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7531\u5b57\u5178\u5b66\u4e60\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u6807\u7b7e\u7531\u7a00\u758f\u5947\u5076\u51fd\u6570\uff08Sparse Parity Function\uff09\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u91c7\u7528\u53cc\u5c42\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5934\u6570\uff08head number\uff09\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u6700\u4f18\u89e3<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0e\u7279\u5f81\u9009\u62e9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul 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