{"id":5169,"date":"2024-11-25T15:51:23","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T07:51:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=5169"},"modified":"2024-11-25T15:51:24","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T07:51:24","slug":"%e6%b5%ae%e7%82%b9%e8%bf%90%e7%ae%97%ef%bc%88floating-point-computations%ef%bc%89%e7%9a%84%e6%bc%94%e5%8c%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=5169","title":{"rendered":"\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\uff08Floating-Point Computations\uff09\u7684\u6f14\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u534f\u540c\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u4eff\u771f\u3001\u80fd\u6548\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ca\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u52a8\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8bba\u6587Hardware Trends Impacting Floating-Point Computations In Scientific Applications<\/a><\/strong>\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5728\u53d7\u5230\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fdb\u6b65\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u521b\u65b0\u4ee5\u53ca\u73b0\u4ee3\u6280\u672f\uff08\u5982\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\uff09\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3aJack Dongarra, John Gunnels, Harun Bayraktar, Azzam Haidar, Dan Ernst\uff0c\u6765\u81eaUniversity of Tennessee\u548cNvidia\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5f15\u8a00<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5b9e\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6d89\u53ca\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u7cbe\u5bc6\u8ba1\u7b97\u63d0\u4f9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u65e5\u76ca\u590d\u6742\u5316\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08DNN\uff09\u7b49\u65b0\u5174\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u6c42\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6700\u521d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u5341\u5206\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u4eca\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\uff08HPC\uff09\u5bf9\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u7a7a\u524d\u5de8\u5927\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u51cf\u5c11\u80fd\u8017\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e73\u8861\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6f14\u53d8<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u5927\u591a\u6570\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4eff\u771f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5229\u7528\u5b9a\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u6a21\u62df\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u6781\u4e3a\u8017\u65f6\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5bc6\u96c6\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684CPU\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u5728\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u7f13\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5230\u4e8620\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u534f\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u5982Intel 8087\u7b49\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u534f\u5904\u7406\u5668\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8eCPU\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u5904\u7406\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86CPU\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u534f\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5374\u6210\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6807\u914d\uff0c\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6a21\u62df\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1989\u5e74\uff0cIntel\u63a8\u51fa\u7684x486\u5904\u7406\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u6d6e\u70b9\u5355\u5143\uff08FPU\uff09\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff08CPU\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d8\u5316\u5927\u5e45\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u96c6\u6210FPU\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4f7f\u5f97\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e5f\u9010\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u56fe\u5f62\u6e32\u67d3\u3001\u6a21\u62df\u548c\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

GPU\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u548c\u666e\u53ca\u662f\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002\u6700\u521d\uff0cGPU\u662f\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db32D\u548c3D\u56fe\u5f62\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u800c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5728\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u7740\u5929\u7136\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u548c2000\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0cNVIDIA\u7684GeForce\u7cfb\u5217\u7b49\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0bGPU\u7684\u63a8\u51fa\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97GPU\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u5f62\u6e32\u67d3\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d8\u9769\u6781\u5927\u5730\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86GPU\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3HPC\u548cAI\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d8b\u52bf<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u968f\u7740\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5927\u91cf\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f00\u59cb\u671d\u7740\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff08\u5982FP16\u3001BF16\uff09\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u867d\u7136\u5728\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u727a\u7272\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u80fd\u8017\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u663e\u8457\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5bb9\u9519\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u4efb\u52a1\u5bf9\u7cbe\u5ea6\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528FP16\u6216BF16\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u4f7f\u7528FP32\u6216FP64\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u5c24\u5176\u5728AI\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u80fd\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u73b0\u4ee3\u786c\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eff\u771f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u73b0\u6709\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4eff\u771f\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u4e0d\u66f4\u6362\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u6ee1\u8db3\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4e3aAI\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6311\u6218<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff08\u5982FP64\uff09\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u80fd\u8017\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5728\u8bb8\u591aAI\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff08\u5982FP16\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4e0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6d6e\u70b9\u683c\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e13\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\uff08\u5982NVIDIA\u7684Tensor Core\uff09\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5904\u7406\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u800c\u901a\u7528\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5219\u5728\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0a\u5360\u636e\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u6548\u7387\u4e0d\u53ca\u4e13\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u517c\u987e\u4e13\u7528\u548c\u901a\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u662f\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. \u67b6\u6784\u521b\u65b0\u53ca\u5176\u5f71\u54cd<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u5f02\u6784\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff08\u5982CPU\u3001GPU\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5f02\u6784\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u80fd\u8017\u4e4b\u95f4\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728LLNL\u548cORNL\u90e8\u7f72\u7684Summit\u548cSierra\u8d85\u7b97\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86NVLINK\u6280\u672f\u5c06CPU\u548cGPU\u7d27\u5bc6\u8026\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u4ece\u7a00\u758f\u8ba1\u7b97\u5230\u9ad8\u901a\u91cf\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u591a\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u8017\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u80fd\u6e90\u6548\u7387\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e94\u5bf9\u529f\u8017\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a8\u52a8\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u6d6e\u70b9\u5355\u5143\uff08FPU\uff09\u548c\u65b0\u578b\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u7814\u53d1\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u964d\u4f4e\u80fd\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u5728AI\u548cHPC\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u5728AI\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u6c42\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u3002Tensor Core\u7b49\u4e13\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6548\u7387\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u80fd\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0eAI\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff08\u5982FP64\uff09\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u6a21\u62df\uff08\u5982\u6d41\u4f53\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u4e27\u5931\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u4f4e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9636\u6bb5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52a0\u901f\u624b\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. \u786c\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cGPU\u548cTensor Core\u7b49\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97PyTorch\u3001TensorFlow\u7b49\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6846\u67b6\u5f97\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86AI\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5bf9\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u968f\u7740AI\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u6548\u7387\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u53d7\u5230\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5e26\u5bbd\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e25\u82db\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u4fc3\u4f7f\u786c\u4ef6\u5236\u9020\u5546\u4e0d\u65ad\u7814\u53d1\u66f4\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u80fd\u6548\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. \u975e\u6807\u51c6\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff08\u5982FP8\u5230FP64\uff09\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u9010\u6e10\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Posit\u3001\u8109\u51b2\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08SNN\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6a21\u62df\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u80fd\u6548\u8981\u6c42\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10. \u7b97\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5e26\u5bbd<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u8bba\u6587\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u5bf9\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u9ad8\u5e26\u5bbd\u5185\u5b58\uff08HBM\uff09\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u548c\u7247\u4e0a\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5185\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5f97\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5f97\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11. \u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u672a\u6765\u65b9\u5411<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u968f\u7740AI\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u80fd\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eff\u771f\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u65b0\u5e94\u7528\u5bf9\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5c06\u66f4\u52a0\u6ce8\u91cd\u80fd\u6548\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548cHPC\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4f4e\u529f\u8017FPU\u548c\u65b0\u578b\u67b6\u6784\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6d6e\u70b9\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u6d88\u8017\u5c06\u662f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u534f\u540c\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u4eff\u771f\u3001\u80fd\u6548\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ca […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,8,36],"tags":[39,84,48],"class_list":["post-5169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-it","category-tech","category-36","tag-ai","tag-nvidia","tag-48"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"NullThought","author_link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?author=1"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"IT<\/a> Tech<\/a> \u79d1\u5b66<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u6d6e\u70b9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u662f\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u534f\u540c\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u4eff\u771f\u3001\u80fd\u6548\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ca…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5169"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5171,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5169\/revisions\/5171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}