{"id":4741,"date":"2024-09-27T14:10:28","date_gmt":"2024-09-27T06:10:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=4741"},"modified":"2025-03-20T14:04:37","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T06:04:37","slug":"%e8%af%86%e5%88%ab%e5%92%8c%e8%af%84%e4%bc%b0%e5%a4%a7%e5%9e%8b%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%ef%bc%88llm%ef%bc%89%e5%9c%a8%e5%8c%bb%e7%96%97%e5%81%a5%e5%ba%b7%e9%a2%86%e5%9f%9f%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=4741","title":{"rendered":"\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09\u5728\u533b\u7597\u5065\u5eb7\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8bba\u6587A toolbox for surfacing health equity harms and biases in large language models<\/a><\/strong>\u8be6\u5c3d\u5730\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5728\u533b\u7597\u5065\u5eb7\u9886\u57df\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09\u6f5c\u5728\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1\u53ca\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u533b\u7597\u95ee\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u4e0e\u6f5c\u5728\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3aStephen R. Pfohl, Heather Cole-Lewis, Rory Sayres, Darlene Neal, Mercy Asiedu, Awa Dieng, Nenad Tomasev, Qazi Mamunur Rashid, Shekoofeh Azizi, Negar Rostamzadeh, Liam G. McCoy, Leo Anthony Celi, Yun Liu, Mike Schaekermann, Alanna Walton, Alicia Parrish, Chirag Nagpal, Preeti Singh, Akeiylah Dewitt, Philip Mansfield, Sushant Prakash, Katherine Heller, Alan Karthikesalingam, Christopher Semturs, Joelle Barral, Greg Corrado, Yossi Matias, Jamila Smith-Loud, Ivor Horn & Karan Singhal\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u5982\u4e0b\u673a\u6784\uff1aGoogle Research, Mountain View, CA, USA\uff1bGoogle DeepMind, Mountain View, CA, USA\uff1bUniversity of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada\uff1bLaboratory for Computational Physiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA\uff1bDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA\uff1bDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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A toolbox for surfacing health equity harms and biases in large language models<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8bba\u6587\u66f4\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

LLMs\uff08\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u56de\u7b54\u533b\u7597\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u4e0e\u603b\u7ed3\u4e34\u5e8a\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u8f85\u52a9\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56\u652f\u6301\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u50cfMed-PaLM 2\u8fd9\u6837\u7684LLM\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u6210\u957f\u6587\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u533b\u7597\u4fe1\u606f\u9700\u6c42\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cLLMs\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u672a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5145\u5206\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0e\u5ba1\u67e5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u6307\u51fa\uff0cLLMs\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u5371\u5bb3\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u5065\u5eb7\u51b3\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u3001\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u60a3\u8005\u8eab\u4efd\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u57fa\u4e8e\u7279\u6743\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\u9690\u6027\u5047\u8bbe\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6f5c\u5728\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u5f15\u53d1\u5065\u5eb7\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u7814\u7a76\u76ee\u6807\u4e0e\u8d21\u732e<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bc4\u4f30LLM\u751f\u6210\u7684\u533b\u7597\u7b54\u6848\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u504f\u89c1\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bc4\u4f30\u8005\u68c0\u6d4bLLM\u751f\u6210\u7b54\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u504f\u89c1\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aEquityMedQA<\/strong>\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5LLM\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u76f8\u5173\u504f\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u8bc4\u4f30\u6846\u67b6<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6846\u67b6\u5305\u62ec\u591a\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4bLLM\u751f\u6210\u7684\u533b\u7597\u95ee\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u3002\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u516d\u4e2a\u504f\u89c1\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n