{"id":4728,"date":"2024-09-24T17:58:26","date_gmt":"2024-09-24T09:58:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=4728"},"modified":"2025-01-09T16:35:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T08:35:16","slug":"%e4%b8%8d%e5%90%8c%e5%9c%ba%e6%99%af%e4%b8%8b%ef%bc%8crag%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9c%89%e6%95%88%e5%b0%86%e5%a4%96%e9%83%a8%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e4%b8%8ellms%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=4728","title":{"rendered":"\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0cRAG\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u5c06\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e0eLLMs\u96c6\u6210"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u8bba\u6587<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2409.14924v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) and Beyond: A Comprehensive Survey on How to Make Your LLMs Use External Data More Wisely<\/a><\/strong>\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLMs\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6a21\u578b\u5904\u7406\u5b9e\u9645\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u7684RAG\u6280\u672f\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3aLLMs\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3aSiyun Zhao, Yuqing Yang, Zilong Wang, Zhiyuan He, Luna K. Qiu, Lili Qiu\uff0c\u5747\u6765\u81ea\u5fae\u8f6f\u4e9a\u6d32\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff08Microsoft Research Asia\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"802\" height=\"457\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/image-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4730\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/image-13.png 802w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/image-13-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/image-13-768x438.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2409.14924v1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) and Beyond: A Comprehensive Survey on How to Make Your LLMs Use External Data More Wisely<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8bba\u6587\u6982\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001\u5f15\u8a00<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u5f00\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u590d\u6742\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u663e\u8457\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5355\u9760\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u7684LLMs\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u6700\u4f73\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u7528\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u533b\u7597\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u7b49\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5e7b\u89c9\u751f\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b83\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u751f\u6210\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5173\u952e\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9886\u57df\u4e0d\u5339\u914d<\/strong>\uff1a\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u65f6\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u672a\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u4e4f\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u63a7\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u96be\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u52a0\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u6765\u589e\u5f3aLLMs\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662fRAG\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u65f6\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u5229\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u6765\u652f\u6301\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u6539\u5584\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u7684LLMs\u4efb\u52a1\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6570\u5b66\u516c\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"112\" height=\"39\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/image-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4729\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cQ\u4ee3\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\uff0cD\u4ee3\u8868\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\uff0cA\u4ee3\u8868\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5728RAG\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u6570\u636e\u9700\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u663e\u5f0f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u67e5\u8be2\uff08Explicit Fact Queries\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8981\u6c42\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u663e\u5f0f\u3001\u660e\u6587\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9690\u5f0f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u67e5\u8be2\uff08Implicit Fact Queries\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u6216\u4fe1\u606f\u6574\u5408\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u9690\u542b\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u63a8\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\uff08Interpretable Rationale Queries\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u660e\u786e\u63a8\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u9690\u85cf\u63a8\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\uff08Hidden Rationale Queries\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u9690\u542b\u7684\u3001\u672a\u660e\u786e\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001\u663e\u5f0f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u67e5\u8be2\uff08L1\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u660e\u6587\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c2024\u5e74\u5965\u8fd0\u4f1a\u5c06\u5728\u54ea\u4e3e\u529e\uff1f\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u7d22\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u5bf9L1\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u76f4\u63a5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u7247\u6bb5\uff08D1, D2, \u2026, Dn\uff09\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\u6765\u751f\u6210\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>RAG\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff1aRAG\u6280\u672f\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6b64\u7c7b\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u68c0\u7d22\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u96c6\u6210\u5230LLMs\u7684\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u663e\u5f0f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6311\u6218\u5728\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u5904\u7406\u548c\u89e3\u6790\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u3001\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982\u8868\u683c\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u68c0\u7d22\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u6d77\u91cf\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u51c6\u786e\u68c0\u7d22\u51fa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8bc4\u4f30\u96be\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u51c6\u786e\u8bc4\u4f30\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6539\u8fdb\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u589e\u5f3a\u68c0\u7d22\u673a\u5236\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001\u9690\u5f0f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u67e5\u8be2\uff08L2\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9690\u5f0f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u67e5\u8be2\u8981\u6c42\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u6574\u5408\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u582a\u57f9\u62c9\u6240\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u591a\u6570\u515a\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u515a\uff1f\u201d\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u578b\u77e5\u9053\u582a\u57f9\u62c9\u5728\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7ed3\u5408\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u653f\u515a\u4fe1\u606f\u56de\u7b54\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u591a\u6b65\u63a8\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u9690\u5f0f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u67e5\u8be2\u5e38\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u8df3\u63a8\u7406\uff08multi-hop reasoning\uff09\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u578b\u9010\u6b65\u6536\u96c6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7efc\u5408\u751f\u6210\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u68c0\u7d22\u9700\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u80fd\u5206\u6563\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u6b21\u68c0\u7d22\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9690\u5f0f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9012\u5f52RAG\uff08Iterative RAG\uff09\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u56fe\/\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u7684RAG\uff08Graph\/Tree RAG\uff09\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5206\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u68c0\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u7efc\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7247\u6bb5\u751f\u6210\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u63a8\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\uff08L3\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u63a8\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6216\u51b3\u7b56\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a8\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u6765\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u6307\u5357\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6cd5\u89c4\u6587\u672c\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001\u9690\u85cf\u63a8\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\uff08L4\uff09<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9690\u85cf\u63a8\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u6700\u590d\u6742\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9690\u542b\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u67e5\u8be2\u8981\u6c42\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u5916\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u9690\u542b\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8fc7\u5f80\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u603b\u7ed3\u63a8\u7406\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul 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Augmented Generation (RAG) and Beyond: A Co [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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