{"id":3672,"date":"2024-04-24T10:36:44","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T02:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=3672"},"modified":"2025-07-24T14:47:26","modified_gmt":"2025-07-24T06:47:26","slug":"%e6%97%85%e8%a1%8c%e8%80%85%e4%b8%80%e5%8f%b7%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84cpu-mcu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=3672","title":{"rendered":"\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u4e00\u53f7\u4e0a\u7684CPU\/MCU"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u8fd9\u51e0\u5929\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a<a href=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=3665\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u597d\u6d88\u606f<\/a>\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7NASA JPL\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u4e00\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u4f20\u6709\u5173\u5176\u673a\u8f7d\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5f88\u597d\u5947\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u4e00\u53f7\uff08Voyager 1\uff09\u4e0a\u7684CPU\/MCU\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u578b\u53f7\uff1f\u5176\u4ee3\u7801\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u5b50\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u95eeChatGPT-4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"520\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RCA-1802-microprocessor-1024x520.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3673\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RCA-1802-microprocessor-1024x520.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RCA-1802-microprocessor-300x152.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RCA-1802-microprocessor-768x390.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RCA-1802-microprocessor.jpg 1383w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">RCA 1802 microprocessor, Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RCA_1802\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wiki<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u3001<strong>CPU\/MCU\u578b\u53f7<\/strong>\uff1f&#8212;RCA 1802 microprocessor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">The primary computer onboard Voyager 1 is built around an 8-bit word length central processing unit (CPU), specifically the RCA 1802 microprocessor. This chip was chosen due to its reliability and resistance to radiation, which are critical for long-term space missions. The RCA 1802 is known for being one of the first microprocessors constructed using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, contributing to its low power consumption and high endurance against the harsh conditions of space.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540c\u65f6\u95ee\u4e86\u95eeGoogle Gemini\u3002\u56de\u7b54\u4e5f\u662fRCA 1802\uff0c\u4f46\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u9488\u5bf9\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u4e00\u53f7\u6709\u5b9a\u5236\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">I couldn&#8217;t find any information about the specific cpu\/mcu type in Voyager 1. However, Voyager 1 used a custom-built computer system designed by TRW Electronics. The central processing unit (CPU) was based on the RCA CDP 1802 microprocessor, but it was significantly modified for the spacecraft. The system also included 16K words of read-only memory (ROM) and 64K words of random-access memory (RAM)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u5b50\uff1f<\/strong>\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>; Example RCA 1802 Assembly Code\n; Increment and Loop Program\n\n            ORG   8000h  ; origin, where the program is loaded in memory\n\nStart:      LDI   01h     ; Load immediate value 01h into the D register\n            PLO   R2      ; Put Low of D register into R2\n            PHI   R2      ; Put High of D register into R2 (R2 = 0001)\n\nLoop:       INC   R2      ; Increment R2\n            BR    Loop    ; Branch unconditionally to Loop\n\n            END   Start   ; End of program, loop indefinitely\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">Explanation of the Code:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><code>ORG 8000h<\/code> &#8211; This directive tells the assembler to start placing the program at memory address 8000h.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><code>LDI 01h<\/code> &#8211; Loads the immediate value 01h into the D register.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><code>PLO R2<\/code> &#8211; Places the lower byte of the D register into register R2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><code>PHI R2<\/code> &#8211; Places the higher byte of the D register into R2. After these two steps, R2 effectively contains the value 0001h.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><code>INC R2<\/code> &#8211; Increments the value stored in register R2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><code>BR Loop<\/code> &#8211; Unconditionally jumps back to the <code>Loop<\/code> label, creating an infinite loop.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-small-font-size\"><code>END Start<\/code> &#8211; Marks the end of the program and specifies where execution should start.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">This is a very basic program showing how to set up a register and perform a continuous loop. RCA 1802 assembly language is characterized by its simplicity and direct control over hardware, which was ideal for the hardware constraints and reliability requirements of space missions like Voyager.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e09\u3001CPU RCA 1802 microprocessor\u7684\u5236\u9020\u5546\uff1f<\/strong>&#8212;Radio Corporation of America, RCA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">The RCA 1802 microprocessor was manufactured by the Radio Corporation of America, commonly known as RCA. Introduced in 1976, the 1802 chip was part of RCA&#8217;s COSMAC (Complementary Symmetry Monolithic Array Computer) line of microprocessors. It was notably designed by Joseph Weisbecker and was one of the first microprocessors to be made using CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) technology, which contributed to its low power consumption and high resistance to radiation. This made it particularly suitable for space applications, including the Voyager spacecraft.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56db\u3001Radio Corporation of America\u8fd9\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u8fd8\u5728\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>&#8212;\u4e0d\u5728\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e1986\u5e74\u88ab\u901a\u7528\u7535\u6c14GE\u6536\u8d2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">The Radio Corporation of America, commonly known as RCA, is no longer in business as an independent entity. It was once a major American electronics company, known for its pioneering role in radio and television. RCA was founded in 1919 and became a dominant figure in the electronics industry throughout much of the 20th century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">However, in 1986, RCA was acquired by General Electric (GE), which subsequently dismantled the company and sold off various parts of its operations to different entities. The RCA brand still exists today, but it is used under license by other companies that apply the RCA brand name to products like televisions, appliances, and other electronics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA JPL\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u6210\u529f\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u6b21\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u628a\u56e0\u5185\u5b58\u635f\u574f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5207\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5c06\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u4ee3\u7801\u5b58\u50a8\u5728FDS\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b\uff08Just Kidding~\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>; RCA 1802 Assembly Code\ud83d\ude00\nORG FDS_FRAGEMENT_LOC_0\n; Do something...\nBR FDS_FRAGEMENT_LOC_1\n; Do something...\nBR FDS_FRAGEMENT_LOC_2\n; Do something...\n......<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>P.S.\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/rodneyabrooks\/status\/1783174696399413692\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">@rodneyabrooks<\/a>\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u4e00\u53f7FDS\u7528\u7684\u662f7400\u7cfb\u5217TI\u82af\u7247\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TI-7400_FDS_Voyager-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TI-7400_FDS_Voyager-1.jpg 540w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/TI-7400_FDS_Voyager-1-300x211.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">TI 7400, FDS on Voyager 1, Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/rodneyabrooks\/status\/1783174696399413692\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">@rodneyabrooks<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd9\u51e0\u5929\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7NASA JPL\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u4e00\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u4f20\u6709\u5173\u5176\u673a\u8f7d\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u7528 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,8,36],"tags":[39,89,44,30,69,100,66,75],"class_list":["post-3672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-it","category-tech","category-36","tag-ai","tag-nasa","tag-voyager","tag-space","tag-engineering","tag-electrical-electronic","tag-google","tag-ic"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"NullThought","author_link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?author=1"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?cat=3\" rel=\"category\">IT<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?cat=8\" rel=\"category\">Tech<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?cat=36\" rel=\"category\">\u79d1\u5b66<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u8fd9\u51e0\u5929\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7NASA JPL\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u4e00\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u4f20\u6709\u5173\u5176\u673a\u8f7d\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u7528&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3672","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3672"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3672\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3682,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3672\/revisions\/3682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3672"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3672"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3672"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}