{"id":1514,"date":"2021-02-09T18:05:59","date_gmt":"2021-02-09T10:05:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=1514"},"modified":"2024-08-19T16:11:46","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T08:11:46","slug":"%e7%9c%9f%e5%81%87%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e4%bc%a0%e6%92%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%8b%e5%ae%9e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/?p=1514","title":{"rendered":"\u771f\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5f88\u4e0d\u5e78\uff0c\u5047\u6d88\u606f\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u6bd4\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u5f97\u66f4\u8fdc\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u3001\u66f4\u6df1\u3001\u66f4\u5e7f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2018\u5e743\u6708\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/news.mit.edu\/2018\/study-twitter-false-news-travels-faster-true-stories-0308\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MIT\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005Soroush Vosoughi,Deb Roy,Sinan Aral<\/a>\u5728Science\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\uff0c<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/359\/6380\/1146\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The spread of true and false news online<\/a><\/strong>\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u771f\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u8bba\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br>1.Falsehood diffused significantly farther, faster, deeper, and more broadly than the truth in all categories of information, and the effects were more pronounced for false political news than for false news about terrorism, natural disasters, science, urban legends, or financial information.<br><strong>\u865a\u5047\u4f20\u64ad\u6269\u6563\u660e\u663e\u8981\u6bd4\u771f\u76f8\u4f20\u64ad\u66f4\u8fdc\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u3001\u66f4\u6df1\u3001\u66f4\u5e7f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u653f\u6cbb\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u5c24\u751a\u3002<\/strong><br>2.We found that false news was more novel than true news, which suggests that people were more likely to share novel information.<br><strong>\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u65b0\u5947\uff08\u65b0\u9c9c\uff09\u5ea6\u5f80\u5f80\u9ad8\u4e8e\u771f\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u559c\u6b22\u5206\u4eab\u65b0\u5947\uff08\u65b0\u9c9c\uff09\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/strong><br>3.Whereas false stories inspired fear, disgust, and surprise in replies, true stories inspired anticipation, sadness, joy, and trust.<br><strong>\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u5f80\u5f80\u5e26\u7ed9\u4eba\u6050\u60e7\u3001\u538c\u6076\u548c\u60ca\u8bb6\uff0c\u800c\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u5f15\u8d77\u671f\u5f85\u3001\u4f24\u5fc3\u3001\u5feb\u4e50\u548c\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002<\/strong><br>4.Contrary to conventional wisdom, robots accelerated the spread of true and false news at the same rate, implying that false news spreads more than the truth because humans, not robots, are more likely to spread it.<br><strong>\u4eba\u4eec\u5e38\u4ee5\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u8d26\u53f7\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u8d26\u53f7\u540c\u7b49\u52a0\u901f\u771f\u3001\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u4eba\u4e3a\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\u6765\u81eaTwitter\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u662f2006\u5e74\u52302017\u5e74\u95f4\u88ab\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u7ea6126,000\u6761\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d88\u606f\u88ab\u7ea63\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u4f20\u64ad\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc7450\u4e07\u6b21\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\u8db3\u591f\u5178\u578b\u548c\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u76f4\u89c2\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u771f\u3001\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\uff1a<br><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">\u56fe\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br>1.CCDF, <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cumulative_distribution_function#Complementary_cumulative_distribution_function_(tail_distribution)\" target=\"_blank\">Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function<\/a>. <br>\u4e92\u8865\u7d2f\u79ef\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u5bf9\u8fde\u7eed\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5927\u4e8ea\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5176\u51fa\u73b0\u6982\u7387\u7684\u548c\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u6df1\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e10\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u51fa\u73b0\u6982\u7387\u7684\u548c\u3002<br>2.Cascade Depth, the number of retweet hops from the origin tweet over time, where a hop is a retweet by a new unique user.<br><strong>\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u6df1\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a \u6d88\u606f\u88ab\u5355\u4e00\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u6570\u3002<br>3.Cascade Size, the number of users involved in the cascade over time.<br><strong>\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u89c4\u6a21<\/strong>\uff1a\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<br>4.Maximum Breadth, the maximum number of users involved in the cascade at any depth.<br><strong>\u6700\u5927\u4f20\u64ad\u5bbd\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u6d88\u606f\u88ab\u8f6c\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4e00\u8f6c\u53d1\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7528\u6237\u6570\u3002<br>5.Structural Virality, a measure that interpolates between content spread through a single, large broadcast and that which spreads through multiple generations, with any one individual directly responsible for only a fraction of the total spread.<br><strong>\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u4f20\u64ad\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u59d1\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e48\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u4e0b\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5ea6\u503c\uff0c\u8be5\u6807\u5ea6\u503c\u5728\u201c\u4f20\u64ad\u6b21\u6570\u5c11\u4f46\u5e7f\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4f20\u64ad\u6b21\u6570\u591a\u4f46\u6bcf\u6b21\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8f83\u5c11\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d6\u503c\u3002\u672c\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a1-100\uff0c<strong>\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u7a7f\u900f\u529b\u8d8a\u5f3a<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"303\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1516\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image.png 303w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-300x223.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 303px) 100vw, 303px\" \/><figcaption><em>1.\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u6df1\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e10\u7684\u5047\u6d88\u606f\uff08\u7ea2\u8272\u66f2\u7ebf\uff09\u6570\u91cf\u660e\u663e\u9ad8\u4e8e\u771f\u6d88\u606f\uff08\u7eff\u8272\u66f2\u7ebf\uff09\uff1b<br>2.\u76f8\u540c\u6d88\u606f\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982CCDF\u4e3a0.01%\u65f6\uff0c\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u6df1\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc719\uff0c\u6bd4\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u9ad8\u51fa\u7ea68\u3002<\/em><br>&#8212;&#8212;<br>Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/359\/6380\/1146\" target=\"_blank\">The spread of true and false news online, Soroush Vosoughi,Deb Roy,Sinan Aral<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1522\"\/><figcaption>1.\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u62b5\u8fbe\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u6570\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u771f\u6d88\u606f\uff1b<br>2.<strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u8303\u56f4\u8d85\u8fc71000\u4eba\u90fd\u8f83\u96be\uff0c\u4f461%\u7684\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u8303\u56f4\u5219\u57281000-100000\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br><em>&#8212;&#8212;<\/em><br><em>Source: <\/em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/359\/6380\/1146\" target=\"_blank\">The spread of true and false news online, Soroush Vosoughi,Deb Roy,Sinan Aral<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"308\" height=\"212\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-2.png 308w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-2-300x206.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 308px) 100vw, 308px\" \/><figcaption>\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u65f6\uff0c\u5404\u4f20\u64ad\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6570\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u8981\u9ad8\u4e8e\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6570<br><em>&#8212;&#8212;<\/em><br><em>Source: <\/em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/359\/6380\/1146\" target=\"_blank\">The spread of true and false news online, Soroush Vosoughi,Deb Roy,Sinan Aral<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"306\" height=\"217\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-3.png 306w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-3-300x213.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 306px) 100vw, 306px\" \/><figcaption>\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u7a7f\u900f\u529b\u8981\u9ad8\u4e8e\u771f\u6d88\u606f<br><em>&#8212;&#8212;<\/em><br><em>Source: <\/em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/359\/6380\/1146\" target=\"_blank\">The spread of true and false news online, Soroush Vosoughi,Deb Roy,Sinan Aral<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"228\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1528\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-5.png 600w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-5-300x114.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">1.\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u62b5\u8fbe1500\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u76846\u500d\uff1b<br>2.<\/span><\/strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u6df1\u5ea6\u8981\u8fbe\u523010\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u768420\u500d\uff1b<br>3.\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u6df1\u5ea6\u5f88\u96be\u8d85\u8fc710\uff1b<br>4.\u5047\u6d88<\/strong><\/span><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u6df1\u5ea6\u8fbe\u523019\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8981\u6bd4\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u6df1\u5ea6\u8fbe\u523010\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb10\u500d\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br><em>Source: <\/em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/359\/6380\/1146\" target=\"_blank\">The spread of true and false news online, Soroush Vosoughi,Deb Roy,Sinan Aral<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"609\" height=\"229\" src=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1531\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-6.png 609w, https:\/\/nullthought.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-6-300x113.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\" \/><figcaption>1.\u540c\u7b49\u4f20\u64ad\u94fe\u6df1\u5ea6\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0b\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d88\u606f\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6570\uff0c\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u660e\u663e\u9ad8\u4e8e\u771f\u6d88\u606f\uff1b<br>2.\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u6269\u6563\u5e7f\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u9ad8\u4e8e\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u3002<br><em>Source: <\/em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/359\/6380\/1146\" target=\"_blank\">The spread of true and false news online, Soroush Vosoughi,Deb Roy,Sinan Aral<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56fe\u6587\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u8bba\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5c11\u91cf\u6458\u5f55\u3002\u6b32\u4e86\u89e3\u8bba\u6587\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/359\/6380\/1146\/tab-pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5176PDF\u7248<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u7ed3\u5c3e\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u8bef\u5bfc\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7136\uff0c\u6545\u9650\u5236\u865a\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u53ca\u5176\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5bf9\u7b56\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6d88\u9664\u793e\u4ea4\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u81ea\u89c9\u89c4\u907f\u4fe1\u606f\u8bef\u5bfc\u6216\u8005\u963b\u6b62\u4fe1\u606f\u8bef\u5bfc\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u6fc0\u52b1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e72\u9884\u884c\u4e3a\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5c01\u53f7\uff08\u8bba\u6587\u6ca1\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4eca\u5e741\u6708\u4efd\u7279\u6717\u666e\u7684Twitter\u8d26\u53f7\u88ab\u5c01\u3002\u8bf4\u4e0d\u51c6\uff0cTwitter\u91c7\u53d6\u5c01\u53f7\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u4f9d\u636e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u8bba&#8212;\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u529b\u8fdc\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u8f6c\u53d1\u6d88\u606f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7565\u5fae\u60f3\u4e00\u60f3\u201d\uff08\u539f\u8bdd\u201cThink before you retweet.\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00Roy\u7684\u63d0\u9192\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\"\n     data-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\n     data-ad-format=\"fluid\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-7041714346924555\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"7374506722\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f88\u4e0d\u5e78\uff0c\u5047\u6d88\u606f\uff08\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u6bd4\u771f\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u5f97\u66f4\u8fdc\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u3001\u66f4\u6df1\u3001\u66f4\u5e7f\u3002 2018\u5e743\u6708\uff0cMIT\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005S [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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